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Customs code · HS subheading 2009 89

Final code reached

Unfermented, non-alcoholic juice from guava

Mango, mangosteen, papaya, tamarind, cashew apple, lychee, jackfruit, sapodilla, passion fruit, carambola or pitahaya, with or without added sugar or sweeteners, Brix value over 67 at 20°C and value over 30 euros per 100 kg net, not a mixture

This is a complete 8-digit customs code. Exports and Intrastat use it as it is. For an import into the EU, pick a 10-digit line below.

This code covers unfermented, non-alcoholic juice from the listed fruits, including juice with added sugar or other sweeteners, when its Brix value is over 67 at 20°C and its value is over 30 euros per 100 kg net. Mixtures are excluded.

For example

  • Unfermented, non-alcoholic mango juice with a Brix value over 67 at 20°C and a value over 30 euros per 100 kg net, not a mixture
  • Unfermented, non-alcoholic passion fruit juice with added sugar, a Brix value over 67 at 20°C and a value over 30 euros per 100 kg net, not a mixture
See the official tariff text

Official tariff text

Juice of guavas, mangoes, mangosteens, papaws "papayas", tamarinds, cashew apples, lychees, jackfruit, sapodillo plums, passion fruit, carambola or pitahaya, unfermented, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Brix value > 67 at 20°C, value of > € 30 per 100 kg (excl. containing spirit and mixtures)

You are seeing what applies when you export from the EU. Switch above if you import.

You are seeing what applies when you import into the EU. Switch above if you export.

Your answer for export

The full EU export code is 2009 89 36.

You do not pick a 10-digit EU import line for an export declaration or Intrastat. The destination classifies the goods under its own tariff.

8 digits, ready

Selling to Norway, Great Britain and the United States

What they charge on arrival.

Norway, Great Britain and the United States use their own tariff lines under the 6-digit HS code. The rates below are what their customs charge on goods arriving from the EU. Match the goods against each country's own wording before you rely on a rate.

Norway

The rate depends on the line.

  • Their lines10 Norwegian lines

20.09.8911 Containing added sugar or other sweetening matter

Norwegian tariff data checked Sept. 13, 2026.

Great Britain

20.0%

  • Their lines2 British lines
  • EU originDuty free

2009 89 36 10 Powdered

Northern Ireland follows other rules.

UK tariff data checked Sept. 13, 2026.

United States

0.64¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where

Estimated from published US measures

  • Their lines17 US lines
  • Entry dateSept. 17, 2026

2009.89.20.00 Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices

The US importer of record files the entry.

US tariff data checked Sept. 16, 2026.

See the 10 Norwegian lines

Selling to Norway

Norway splits the 6-digit category its own way, so these are Norway's own lines under it, not this EU code. Check your product against their wording; what Norwegian customs charges is shown per line.

  • 20.09.8911

    Containing added sugar or other sweetening matter

    Ordinary duty
    14,62 NOK per kg
    Goods of EU origin
    14,62 NOK per kg You need documentation of EU origin to use this rate.

  • 20.09.8919

    Other

    Ordinary duty
    14,62 NOK per kg
    Goods of EU origin
    14,62 NOK per kg You need documentation of EU origin to use this rate.

  • 20.09.8991

    Raspberry juice

    Ordinary duty
    27,20 NOK per kg
    Goods of EU origin
    14,50 NOK per kg You need documentation of EU origin to use this rate.

  • 20.09.8992

    Strawberry juice

    Ordinary duty
    27,20 NOK per kg
    Goods of EU origin
    14,50 NOK per kg You need documentation of EU origin to use this rate.

  • 20.09.8993

    Cherry juice

    Ordinary duty
    27,20 NOK per kg
    Goods of EU origin
    The ordinary rate applies. Norway lists no separate rate for goods from the EU.

  • 20.09.8994

    Peach juice or apricot juice

    Ordinary duty
    Duty free

  • 20.09.8995

    White currant, red currant or gooseberry juice

    Ordinary duty
    Duty free

  • 20.09.8996

    Blueberry juice

    Ordinary duty
    27,20 NOK per kg
    Goods of EU origin
    Duty free You need documentation of EU origin to use this rate.

  • 20.09.8997

    Mango Juice

    Ordinary duty
    27,20 NOK per kg
    Goods of EU origin
    27,20 NOK per kg You need documentation of EU origin to use this rate.

  • 20.09.8998

    Other

    Ordinary duty
    27,20 NOK per kg
    Goods of EU origin
    27,20 NOK per kg You need documentation of EU origin to use this rate.

Norwegian tariff data version 1.5/1.2, last checked Sept. 13, 2026.

Contains data from Norwegian Customs (data.toll.no), licensed under CC BY 4.0, adapted for display.

See the 2 British lines

Selling to Great Britain

What UK customs charges when goods like these arrive in Great Britain.

  • All 2 UK lines under this code

    They all have the same duty rates shown here.

    Ordinary duty
    20.0%
    Goods of EU origin
    Duty free You need documentation of EU preferential origin to use this rate.

These rates apply in Great Britain. Different rules may apply for goods entering Northern Ireland.

UK tariff data version v4.0.1599, last checked Sept. 13, 2026.

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Source: UK Department for Business and Trade (data.api.trade.gov.uk).

See the 17 US lines

Selling to the United States

What US customs charges when goods like these arrive from the EU. The US importer of record files the entry and pays the duty.

  • 2009.89.20.00

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Pear juice

    General rate
    Free
    From the EU
    10.0% Estimated from published US measures US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.40.00

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Prune juice

    General rate
    0.64¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.64¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.65.15

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Cherry Juice, Tart cherry juice concentrate, Certified organic

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.65.20

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Cherry Juice, Tart cherry juice concentrate, Other

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.65.30

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Cherry Juice, Tart cherry juice, Certified organic

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.65.40

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Cherry Juice, Tart cherry juice, Other

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.65.50

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Cherry Juice, Other

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.70.31

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Other, Berry juice, Blueberry juice, including concentrate

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99
Show all 17 lines

  • 2009.89.70.55

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Other, Berry juice, Red raspberry juice, including concentrate

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.70.67

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Other, Berry juice, Other, Certified organic

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.70.69

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Other, Berry juice, Other

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.70.70

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Other, Mango Juice

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.70.95

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Other, Coconut water, Certified organic

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.70.97

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Other, Coconut water, Other

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.70.99

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Fruit juice, Other

    General rate
    0.5¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.5¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.80.31

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Vegetable juice, In airtight containers

    General rate
    0.2¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.2¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

  • 2009.89.80.39

    Fruit or nut juices (including grape must and coconut water) and vegetable juices, unfermented and not containing added spirit, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, Juice of any other single fruit, nut or vegetable, Other, Vegetable juice, Other

    General rate
    0.2¢/liter
    From the EU
    No single figure Estimated from published US measures 0.2¢/liter. Unless this line is exempt, the additional US duty brings its duty to 10.0% of its customs value where the ordinary duty is lower. The amount depends on the quantity and the customs value, so we do not turn it into a percentage. US headings applied: 9903.05.39 Section 301 forced-labour action, 91 FR 47318 (memorandum 91 FR 47717), U.S. note 52 to subchapter III of chapter 99

Worked out for an entry on Sept. 17, 2026.

US tariff schedule 2026HTSRev19, last checked Sept. 16, 2026.

Last change we recorded: Revision 19 (2026), Sept. 16, 2026.

Anti-dumping and countervailing duties, US import taxes and customs fees are not included.

The descriptions above are the US tariff texts, which the United States publishes in English only.

Source: the US International Trade Commission's Harmonized Tariff Schedule (hts.usitc.gov), public domain, and the measures published in the Federal Register.

This is a planning estimate from the US Harmonized Tariff Schedule (revision shown) and the published Federal Register measures as of the date shown, for a shipment of EU origin. It is not a customs entry, legal advice or a broker's opinion, and tariffs.help is not a US-licensed customs broker. The US importer of record or their broker confirms the classification, origin, value and the duty due before filing.

Before you use the code

Check the facts that sit outside the code

The code can be right while what you pay still changes, because of where the goods come from, when they arrive, or extra EU measures.

Classify your own product, free Look up the current rates and rules
  1. The product and its form Check that your product really matches this description, including what it is made of and the form it arrives in.
  2. Country of origin Trade agreements, sanctions and extra measures can change the treatment of the very same code.
  3. Current tariff measures Check today's rate, any restrictions or licences, and the quantity customs asks for, with Toldstyrelsen or TARIC.

On an EU import declaration

Pick the 10-digit line that matches the goods.

2 import lines

When these goods are imported into the EU, the declaration needs a 10-digit code. Under 2009 89 36 the EU tariff has 2 lines, each with its own wording.

You or your customs agent pick the line whose wording fits the goods; the last line, "Other", covers what none of the specific wordings describe.

The standard duty rate is the same on every line.

  1. Match the whole wording A line is its own wording plus the grouping text above it. Read both before you settle on one.

Exports from the EU and Intrastat normally use the 8-digit code as it is.

EU tariff data of Sept. 13, 2026.

Rates, origin and documents

Read the signals first. Open only the ones you want to check.

Besides the ordinary duty, the EU records these kinds of measure against this code. They are listed as signals only: whether one applies to your goods can depend on where they come from, who produced them, the exact product and the documents you present. No amounts are worked out here.

Data of Sept. 1, 2026

Lower duty for goods from some countries

Possible

Preferential rates exist for goods originating in:

  • Comoros (excluding Mayotte), Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles and dependencies and Zimbabwe
  • Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique and Namibia
  • Ivory Coast
  • Cameroon
  • Fiji
  • United Kingdom
  • Ghana
  • Jordan
  • +25 origins

These rates apply to Economic Partnership Agreements; CARIFORUM except Haiti; GSP-EBA (Special arrangement for the least-developed countries - Everything But Arms); GSP - General arrangements; GSP+ (incentive arrangement for sustainable development and good governance).

Whether you can use one depends on the origin rules for the goods and on the documentation you can show.

Check this code in the official EU TARIC database

A limited quantity at a lower rate

Check

A tariff quota is recorded for this code. This does not say whether any of the quota is still available. It covers goods originating in:

  • any country except Belarus, Russian Federation and United Kingdom
Check this code in the official EU TARIC database

Restrictions and paperwork

Important

Import restrictions are recorded for goods originating in:

  • Japan
  • any country except Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland
  • Ukraine
  • any country

The EU records document conditions on this code. What customs may ask for depends on where the goods come from, exactly what the product is and the customs procedure.

Proof of origin 2 conditions

If you claim a lower rate for goods from a country the EU has a trade agreement with, customs asks for proof of origin, for example a EUR.1 certificate or an origin declaration.

Show the EU's own wording for these conditions
  • Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document
  • Movement certificate EUR.1

Sanctions and restricted regions 2 conditions

Some conditions come from EU sanctions rules. They matter when the goods are linked to a country or region the EU restricts trade with.

Show the EU's own wording for these conditions
  • Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)
  • Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia

Product controls and permits 2 conditions

Depending on the exact product, customs may ask for a licence, a permit or a control certificate before the goods are released.

Show the EU's own wording for these conditions
  • Certificate of inspection for organic products
  • Common Health Entry Document for Feed and Food of Non-Animal Origin (CHED-D) (as set out in Part 2, Section D of Annex II to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1715 (OJ L 261))

Statements that the goods are outside a rule's scope 1 condition

Some conditions are statements that a rule does not cover the goods, for example that the product is not on a controlled list.

Show the EU's own wording for this condition
  • Goods not concerned by Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (organic products)

Other conditions 8 conditions

These conditions match none of the groups above. Whether customs asks for one depends on the goods, where they come from and the customs procedure.

Show the EU's own wording for these conditions
  • The products are accompanied by a declaration issued before 1.6.2013 in accordance with the Implementing Regulation (EU) No 996/2012 and stating that the products have left Japan before 1.7.2013
  • The products are accompanied by a declaration issued before 1 November 2012 in accordance with the Implementing Regulation (EU) No 284/2012 and stating that the products have left Japan before 1 December 2012
  • The products left Japan before 30.10.2012 and comply with Implementing Regulation (EU) No 284/2012
  • The products left Japan before 2.6.2013 and comply with Implementing Regulation (EU) No 996/2012
  • Products which left Japan before 28 March 2011
  • Declaration for the import into the European Union of feed and food originating in or consigned from Japan (Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 322/2014)
  • Declaration for the import into the European Union of feed and food originating in or consigned from Japan (Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 322/2014); the products left Japan before 9 January 2016
  • Declaration for the import into the European Union of feed and food originating in or consigned from Japan (Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 996/2012) which was issued before 1 April 2014; the products left Japan from 1 April 2014 but before 1 May 2014
Check this code in the official EU TARIC database

EU tariff measure data of Sept. 1, 2026.

One last classification check

Check the path and the nearest alternatives.

Use this view if you are still unsure the code describes the product precisely.

How we got to this code

  1. IV
  2. 20
  3. 2009
  4. 2009 89
  5. 2009 89 36
Show the steps

Compare with the codes next to it.

Compare the sibling codes at this level before you settle on this one.

Classification decides the rate here: from 10.5% to 33.6%.

Worth comparing

Codes that sit close to this one, for when the material itself could be different.

Browse chapter 20

Often confused with

Duty rates shown here are estimates, read from official EU / Danish, Norwegian and UK tariff data for orientation only. Confirm the current rate with Toldstyrelsen, TARIC, Norwegian Customs or the UK Online Trade Tariff before you file. The rate you pay can also depend on the country of origin. These are base customs duties only: import VAT, excise duties, anti-dumping duties and safeguard or quota measures are not included.